ABSTRACT
As tourism and its related sectors have flourished in Bali Province, Denpasar Municipality, as the capital, has attracted significant urbanization. As a result of this development tendency, the city has become the densest location in the Bali Area. Denpasar Municipality is suffering with urban issues such as waste, land-use changing, housing bubble, and cultural asset loss as a result of the negative effects of urbanization. Not only from the degradation of urban livelihood threat, but Denpasar is also at risk from multi-hazard disasters such as earthquakes, tsunami, floods, extreme weather, forest and land fire, extreme waves, and beach erosion. Currently, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the decline of the tourism business, have forced Denpasar Municipality's resilience to the edge.In addition, to address the threat of disaster and urban issues in Denpasar, this research was conducted to analyze the resilience in the city. Yet, the previous studies have not been addressed the resilience of the urban crisis and disaster in a holistic approach. First, the semi-qualitative research by CDRI (Climate Disaster Resilience Index) Framework was conducted to measure the urban resilience in Denpasar. The result of five parameters (physical, social, institutional, economic, and environment) reveals that West Denpasar has the highest resilience score, followed by South, North, and East Denpasar. In addition, to assess the supporting and restricting resilience factors in Denpasar, a qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews with different responsible institutions for disaster management in Denpasar was undertaken. The result shows that sufficient infrastructure and facilities, bonus demographic, collaboration with the private sector, sufficient information access, and control from the government are the supporting factors of resilience while urbanization challenge, budget shifting, the management of the problem, the ownership of the asset, collaboration with the community and focus on physical loss and damage are the restraining factors of resilience in Denpasar Municipality.
ABSTRACT
The implications of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic have stretched far beyond human health and wellbeing, causing serious setbacks for the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Although governments worldwide have implemented different fiscal stimulus measures to mitigate the implications of COVID-19, it is important to develop a precise understanding of their focus areas to ensure if the progress of SDGs is on track. For a specific case of Indonesia, this study establishes a thorough understanding of the COVID-19 implications on SDGs, and its fiscal stimulus package through a literature review and semi-formal interviews with the core stakeholders in Indonesia. The study results highlighted that COVID-19 has varyingly affected the progress of all SDGs in Indonesia. Amongst the four pillars of sustainable development in Indonesia, the SDGs on the social and economic development pillars are stated to be the most impacted. As for the fiscal stimulus, it is perceived that it can help maintain the SDGs' attainment progress to a certain extent, although there are several concerns on its implementation. Deriving lessons from the conducted research, the study puts forward key suggestions for the effective implementation of SDGs in the post-COVID-19 era.